Janaka Prasanga MBA 24
Functions of Human Resource Management.
Human Resource Management
is a management function concerned with hiring, motivating, and
maintaining the workforce in an organization. Human resource management
deals with issues related to employees such as hiring, training,
development, compensation, motivation, communication, and
administration. Human resource management ensures the satisfaction of
employees and a maximum contribution of employees to the achievement of
organizational objectives.
According to Armstrong (1997), Human Resource Management can be defined as “a
strategic approach to acquiring, developing, managing, motivating and
gaining the commitment of the organization’s key resource – the people
who work in and for it.”
Functions of Human Resource Management
Human Resource Management functions can be classified into the following three categories.
- Managerial Functions,
- Operative Functions, and
- Advisory Functions.
The Managerial Functions of Human Resource Management are as follows:
1. Human Resource Planning -
In this function of HRM, the number and type of employees needed to
accomplish organizational goals are determined. Research is an important
part of this function, information is collected and analyzed to
identify current and future human resource needs and to forecast
changing values, attitudes, and behavior of employees and their impact
on the organization.
2. Organizing - In an
organization tasks are allocated among its members, relationships are
identified, and activities are integrated towards a common objective.
Relationships are established among the employees so that they can
collectively contribute to the attainment of the organization's goal.
3. Directing - Activating
employees at different levels and making them contribute maximum to the
organization is possible through proper direction and motivation. Taping
the maximum potentialities of the employees is possible through
motivation and command.
4. Controlling - After planning, organizing, and directing,
employees' actual performance is checked, verified, and compared with
the plans. If the actual performance is found deviated from the plan,
control measures are required to be taken.
The Operative Functions of Human Resource Management are as follows:
1. Recruitment and Selection -
Recruitment of candidates is the function preceding the selection,
which brings the pool of prospective candidates for the organization so
that the management can select the right candidate from this pool.
2. Job Analysis and Design -
Job analysis is the process of describing the nature of a job and
specifying the human requirements like qualification, skills, and work
experience to perform that job. Job design aims at outlining and
organizing tasks, duties, and responsibilities into a single unit of
work for the achievement of certain objectives.
3. Performance Appraisal -
Human resource professionals are required to perform this function to
ensure that the performance of employees is at an acceptable level.
4. Training and Development -
This function of human resource management helps employees acquire
skills and knowledge to perform their jobs effectively. Training and
development programs are organized for both new and existing employees.
Employees are prepared for higher-level responsibilities through
training and development.
5. Wage and Salary Administration
- Human resource management determines what is to be paid for different
types of jobs. Human resource management decides employee's
compensation which includes - wage administration, salary
administration, incentives, bonuses, fringe benefits, etc,.
Reference
Armstrong, M. (2006). A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice (10th ed.). London/Philadelphia: Kogan Page. 982 p.
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